BOTANICAL REFERENCE

NAME/LATIN NAME

BENEFITS

SIDE EFFECTS/CAUTIONARY

Arnica

(Arnica montana) 

Reduces swelling and possibly improves circulation in affected areas, speeding up healing. Relieves muscle and joint pain.  Anti-inflammatory

Generally safe for external use but should not be applied on broken skin or open wounds.  Do not use if allergic to sunflowers, marigolds, ragweed, or plants from the sunflower family. Speak with your healthcare provider before use if you are taking blood thinners.

Ashwagandha

(Withania somnifera)

Adaptogen – Stress reliever. Helps improve energy levels (fatigue) and enhance overall well-being.  Also reduces joint pain and has been used to treat diabetes.

It may cause the immune system to become more active and increase symptoms of an auto-immune disease.  It can also lower your blood pressure. 

Side effects may include Nausea, Headache, Drowsiness, and stomach irritation.

Black Cohosh Root

(Cimicifuga racemosa)

Used to treat pre-menstrual bloating and mood swings,  menstrual cramps, and symptoms you may get during menopause.

Side effects of using high amounts include Stomach upset, Nausea, and rash.

Butterbur Root

(Petasites hybridus)

Antispasmodic – great for allergies. Contains active components that block histamine production and reduce nasal inflammation. It can also help with migraines frequently.  The root contains compounds that can help reduce inflammation and spasms.

Consult your physician if you are allergic to ragweed or hyper-sensitive to Butterbur.  If you have liver disease, consult your physician before taking.

Butterfly Pea Flowers

(Clitoria ternatea)

Helps relieve stress; Rich in antioxidants; Anti-inflammatory; Anxiolytic and Antidepressant.  Good for brain health and cognitive function.  Diuretic and digestive benefits – can help with weight management; Eye health

Consult with a healthcare provider before use if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.  If you are taking medications for blood pressure or diabetes, consult your healthcare provider.  Use with caution if you have low blood pressure.

Calendula

(Calendula officinalis)

Antiseptic and anti-inflammatory. Reduces swelling and aids wound healing.  Contains antimicrobial and antifungal properties.  Treats and soothes irritated skin and itchy skin. 

Calendula is part of the Asteraceae family, which also includes plants like ragweed, chrysanthemums, and daisies. May slow down blood clotting, so it's advisable to stop using it at least two weeks before any scheduled surgery. Consult your physician.

California Poppy Seed

(Eschscholzia californica)

Stress reliever and can calm the nervous system. Promotes a sense of well-being.  Natural sedative and sleep aid that does not cause drowsiness.  Digestive support; Urinary system support

Avoid use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.  May interact with other sedative and/or central nervous system medications – consult your healthcare physician before use. 

Capsaicin

Relieves discomfort caused by swollen joints and nerve pain.  Relieves itching. Might aid in weight loss.

Side effects:  Burning, redness, soreness, and swelling.

Chamomile

(Matricaria chamomilla or Chamaemelum nobile)

Nervine; Great sleep and relaxation aid. Can help with indigestion, gas, bloating, and diarrhea.  Anti-inflammatory and pain reliever.  Topical – soothing and beneficial for itchy skin. Contains compounds like chamazulene, bisabolol, and apigenin, which contribute to its calming and healing effects on the skin.

Chamomile is part of the Asteraceae family, which also includes plants like ragweed, chrysanthemums, and daisies. Consult your physician before use if taking a blood thinner.

While Chamomile is considered a generally safe herb, if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, consult a physician before use as it may stimulate uterine contractions.

Chickweed 

(Stellaria media)

Anti-inflammatory – may help reduce skin inflammation and swelling; Antiseptic – helps heal wounds and prevent infection; used for itchy skin conditions. Contains moisturizing and emollient effects. Mild Diuretic; Helps regulate menstrual cycles and alleviate cramps and bloating.

Although generally safe, consult your physician before using it if you are taking medication.

If pregnant or breastfeeding, consult your healthcare provider before use.

Chrysanthemum Flowers

Eye Health – Can help improve vision and relieve symptoms of dry or itchy eyes. Antioxidant; Anti-inflammatory; Immune support
Can be used to alleviate nervousness and insomnia

Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to chrysanthemum, especially those who are allergic to plants in the Asteraceae family (e.g., daisies, marigolds).

Comfrey Root

(Symphytum officinale)

Anti-inflammatory (reduces swelling).  Commonly used in topical treatments for bruises, sprains, aches, and pains.

Do not use internally – can be toxic to the liver if ingested in large amounts.   Do not take with medications that induce liver enzymes, including St. John’s Wort and Schisandra, as well as epilepsy medication.  Consult your medical professional before use.  Avoid if pregnant or breastfeeding.

Cramp Bark

(Viburnum Opulus)

Anti-Spasmodic and relaxant for muscular tension and spasm (primarily menstrual cramps). Helps with pain and discomfort. Has mild sedative properties – can help with relaxation and stress relief.

Consult your medical professional if you are taking other medication.  Do not take if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. 

Dandelion (Root)    (Taraxacum officinale)

Diuretic – promotes urination.  Liver and kidney detox remedy.  Reduces inflammation and joint discomfort.  Stimulates appetite

Possible side effects include heartburn, mild diarrhea, and stomach discomfort.  Can interact with other medication – consult your physician before use.

Elderberry 

(Sambucus nigra)

Boosts the immune system and reduces swelling.  Prevents and treats cold and flu symptoms. 

Side effects of eating raw elderberries include nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Talk to your physician if you are taking laxatives.

Eleuthero Root

(Siberian ginseng)

Adaptogen - Stress reliever.  Improves cognitive function and helps with mental fatigue.  Helps the body’s resistance to infections and illness

Eleuthero may affect blood pressure – individuals with hypertension should monitor their levels and consult a healthcare provider before using.

Use cautiously if you suffer from anxiety issues or insomnia

Eyebright 

(Euphrasia officinalis)

Anti-inflammatory – alleviates seasonal allergies. Relieves eye redness, swelling, and helps with sinus congestion and sneezing.

Not sterile -- Do not use as a topical eye treatment

Fennel Seed

(Foeniculum vulgare)

Aids digestion, reduces bloating, and relieves gas. Rich in Vitamin C, A, and some B vitamins.  Contains essential minerals like calcium, iron, magnesium, and potassium.  Anti-microbial // Anti-inflammatory // Antioxidant

May interact blood thinners and birth control pills.  Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to fennel seeds. Due to its phytoestrogen content, fennel seeds may have an effect on hormone levels.  Consult a physician if taking other medications and if you are pregnant or nursing.

Fenugreek Seeds

(Trigonella foenum-graecum)

Rich in vitamin A, C, and several B vitamins; contains essential minerals. Helps relieve constipation and reduce inflammation in the stomach.  Helps with blood sugar regulation  (beneficial for diabetes). Helps lower cholesterol levels. Anti-inflammatory

Lactation Aid (used to enhance milk production in breastfeeding women).

Can help with weight management by promoting a feeling of fullness and reducing appetite.

Can be potentially harmful during pregnancy and may interact with diabetes and blood-thinning medications, requiring caution and medical consultation.   It can cause your sweat and urine to smell like maple syrup. May decrease potassium levels when taken with diuretics, potentially affecting kidney health.

Feverfew

(Tanacetum parthenium)

Fever management; Treat migraine headaches, arthritis, and painful and heavy menstruation/digestive problems. Anti-inflammatory

Possible side effects:  Stomach upset and itchy rash. It may interact with aspirin and anticoagulant drugs. Be cautious if you have a known sensitivity or allergy to plants in the daisy (Asteraceae) family.

Frankincense

(Boswellia Carteri)

Aromatic resin; Known for its anti-inflammatory properties.  Digestive health; Respiratory health 

Essential oil is often used in aromatherapy to reduce stress and promote relaxation.

May interact with blood clotting medications as it has anticoagulant properties. Consult a healthcare provider if you are on medication.

Can cause skin irritation – perform a patch test first.

Ginger Root

(Zingiber officinale)

Counteracts effect of having a cold on the body.  Digestive relief; Promotes healthy digestion.  Reduces nausea

Ginger may have blood-thinning effects. Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Ginkgo Biloba

Enhances blood circulation and may support memory, focus, and overall cognitive function.  Offers a mildly stimulating effect that can complement caffeine for increased mental clarity. 

Might help to improve vision.

Usually well tolerated.  May increase bleeding in people taking anticoagulant drugs.  Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Goldenrod

(Solidago species)

Diuretic; Anti-Inflammatory; Antioxidant; Antimicrobial; Antifungal

Natural antihistamine (contains quercetin, which relieves sinus congestion, runny nose, and inflammation) 

It may interact with aspirin and anticoagulant drugs. Some individuals may experience an allergic reaction if they are sensitive to plants in the Asteraceae family. Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Gota Kola

(Centella asiatica)

Improves cognitive function.  It might help reduce anxiety and stress. Improves circulation and reduces swelling.

Side effects can include headache, stomach upset, and dizziness.  Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Gunpowder

(Pellet-like appearance with a smoky, vegetal flavor)

Gunpowder tea is a type of green tea known for its health benefits, which include a high concentration of antioxidants and potential support for heart and cognitive health. 

Gunpowder tea contains caffeine, but also the amino acid L-theanine. May support weight loss efforts.

Caffeine sensitivity and insomnia. High doses of caffeine can cause restlessness, increased stress, agitation, and a rapid or irregular heartbeat.

Hawthorne Berry

Crategus laevigata &Crataegus onogyna

High antioxidant content may help lower blood pressure and cholesterol and reduce inflammation.  When used topically, it can help with sores and itching.  It may also help with anxiety-related heart and circulation issues.

May interact with heart medications, blood thinners, and blood pressure-lowering drugs.  Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Hibiscus

(Hibiscus sabdariffa)

Rich in antioxidants like vitamin C, beta-carotene, and anthocyanins. It can help lower blood pressure and lower LDL (bad) cholesterol levels. Help reduce nervousness.  Natural antibacterial properties

Do not use if you have a peanut allergy – Hibiscus is often intercropped with peanuts.

Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Holy Basil a/k/a Tulsi

(Ocimum sanctum)

Adaptogen – helps with brain fog and exhaustion.  Anti-inflammatory; Treats respiratory disorders.

Invokes wholeness and uplifts the spirit – opens the heart and mind.

Generally considered safe for most people. Possible side effects: Nausea, diarrhea, and worsening hypothyroidism.  Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Hops Flowers

(Humulus lupulus)

Nervine; Contains sedative and analgesic properties. Promotes a restful night’s sleep.

Anti-inflammatory / Antimicrobial

Hops may cause drowsiness. May also cause respiratory illness when inhaling hop dust. Long term – do not use if you have hypertension, liver disorder, edema, kidney insufficiency, low blood potassium or heart disease.

Jasmine Green Tea

(Scented with a floral fragrance)

Jasmine tea can help lower LDL cholesterol levels, which can reduce the risk of heart disease. Rich in antioxidants. It can help with weight loss by speeding up metabolism.  Can also help boost brain function. Can reduce risks of cancer.

Caffeine sensitivity and insomnia. Jasmine tea contains caffeine, which may not be suitable for everyone, particularly in large quantities.

Lavender

(Lavandula)

Adaptogen – reduces stress.  Promotes relaxation and sleep quality. May assist with migraines, aches and discomfort.

May increase drowsiness when combined with sedative medications. Some people may experience skin irritation.  Pregnant/nursing women should consult their healthcare provider before use.

Lemon Balm

(Melissa officinalis)

Nervine; Anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal. Good for skin and reduces signs of aging. Digestive aid 

Consult a healthcare professional before using if pregnant or breastfeeding. People with hypothyroidism should consult a doctor before using lemon balm, as it may interfere with thyroid function.

Lemon Grass

(Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon flexuosus)

Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial (may prevent the growth of some bacteria and yeast). Might be used as a sedative –  Improves sleep and reduces tension.  Treats gastrointestinal problems.

Spiritual – can be used to enhance focus and purify the mind. 

May affect individuals with hormone-sensitive conditions. Potential side effects include dizziness, dry mouth, and gastrointestinal issues. It is essential to consult a healthcare provider before using lemongrass, especially if pregnant, breastfeeding, have existing health conditions, or are taking other medications, as it may cause allergic reactions or interact with certain drugs.

Licorice Root

(Glycyrrhiza glabra)

Adaptogen (stress reliever); Antioxidant; Anti-inflammatory (swelling); Digestive health -- Stomach upset and acid reflux)

Topical: Contains glycyrrhizin and licochalcone, which help reduce redness, swelling, and irritation

Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications. Those suffering from high blood pressure, heart disease, kidney or liver problems, or hypokalemia (low potassium) should avoid taking licorice root.

Magnesium Flakes

(Magnesium Chloride)

Highly bioavailable form of magnesium (easily absorbed through skin and digestive tract; More soluble than some other magnesium forms; and Can be used both internally and externally.

Topical Application:  Muscle recovery and cramping; Sports recovery; Joint pain relief; Sleep support; Stress reduction; Skin conditions; Migraine relief

Common Signs of Deficiency: Muscle cramps and spasms, Fatigue, Anxiety, Sleep problems, Headaches,  Irregular heartbeat, Low mood,  and Osteoporosis risk

Safety Considerations: Start with lower doses to assess tolerance; May cause skin tingling; Can have a laxative effect when taken orally.

Not recommended for those with severe kidney diseases.

Marshmallow Root

(Althaea officinalis)

Soothes irritated mucous membranes; Helps with dry cough and sore throat; Supports digestive health. May help with acid reflux; Can soothe urinary tract irritation; Traditional use for skin conditions; May help protect stomach lining.  Treats respiratory problems (bronchitis/asthma)

Generally considered very safe. May slow absorption of other medications. Take separately from other medicines (2 hours apart).  Pregnancy/nursing: consult healthcare provider. Can lower blood sugar if taken in large amounts. May affect blood sugar control during surgery.

Milk Thistle

(Silybum marianum, Carduus marianum)

Detox -- It can be useful in treating liver damage caused by drinking a lot of alcohol. It can also be used for a variety of digestive conditions.

Generally safe but may cause mild digestive discomfort.  Not recommended for anyone with a known sensitivity to plants in the daisy (Asteraceae family). Not to be used in high doses – increases levels of level enzymes.

Motherwort

(leonurus cardiaca)

Can help with anxiety and depression. Good for insomnia and sleep problems.  Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant.  It might also help fight bacteria and stimulate the uterus.  Alkanoid -- contains stachydrine which helps with steady heartbeat and hot flashes.

DO NOT USE IF PREGNANT. 

Some people might have an allergic reaction (hives or rash, abdominal pain, chest tightness, difficulty breathing and dizziness).  Please consult a physician if you have a reaction.

Mullein

(Verbascum thapsus)

Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and antispasmodic; Diuretic; Treats respiratory issues expectorant). Can also possibly treat inflammatory skin conditions (mullein-infused oil). 

Small hairs on plant may cause mouth irritation – filter before use.  Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Oat straw

(Avena sativa)

Nervine; Nutritive (iron, minerals & calcium); Supports the nervous system; Antioxidant; Supports healthy sleep. Enhances brain function. Helps with management of cholesterol and blood sugars.

Do not use if allergic to Oat straw.  Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications. 

Passionflower

(Passiflora incarnata)

Nervine - reduces nervous tension and promotes emotional balance.  Sleep Aid; Antispasmodic - useful for muscle cramps and tension.

May cause drowsiness. Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Peppermint

(Mentha piperita)

Anti-bacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory. Alleviates clogged sinuses.  Treats digestive issues and nausea. Nature’s chewing gum. Use topically for muscle discomfort and itchy skin due to its cooling and anti-inflammatory properties.

Use with caution if you have gastroesophageal reflux or with a hiatal hernia.

Plantain Leaf

(Plantago major / 

Plantago lanceolata) 

Wound healing; Anti-inflammatory (discomfort and swelling).  Contains mucilage which can help moisturize the skin, reduce redness, and irritation. Digestive aid; Acts as a mild expectorant

Generally safe but may cause mild allergic reactions in some individuals.  Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Pu’her White Tea

 *Caffeinated*

Antioxidant; May improve digestion. Potential weight loss support.

Individuals sensitive to caffeine may experience restlessness or have trouble sleeping.

Red Clover Blossoms

(Trifolium pratense)

Treats and alleviates menopausal systems – good for hormonal health.  May help with bone density.  May lower cholesterol.

Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Red Raspberry Leaves  

(Rubus idaeus)

Reduces inflammation and strengthens bones. Regulates blood sugar control. Improves heart health.  Good for skin and complexion.

Consult a physician before use if you have a hormone-sensitive condition.  Red Raspberry leaf might act like estrogen.

Rhodiola Root

(Rhodiola rosea)

Adaptogen (helpful with stress management).  Helps manage fatigue and improve physical endurance.

Possible dizziness and dry mouth.  Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Rooibos Tea

Rich in antioxidants; Help reduce inflammation, potentially lowering the risk of chronic diseases. Soothes the digestive tract. Metabolism Boost. It has a nutty, full-bodied flavor

Not associated with any serious side effects.

Rosehips

(Rosa Canina)

Nutritive tonic that supports cardiovascular health.  Anti-Inflammatory (may help reduce joint pain  potentially beneficial for arthritis symptoms).  Good for digestive health. Antioxidant. Might help in weight loss.

Avoid if allergic to roses. Do not take certain medical conditions including sickle cell disease. Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Rose Petals, Red

(rosa spp)

Contains powerful antioxidants like flavonoids, polyphenols, and vitamins A, C, D, and E, which help neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress.

Reduces inflammation -- making it useful for arthritis and inflammatory skin issues.  Helps improve digestion, relieve constipation, and soothe digestive tract issues such as cramps and bloating.

Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to rose petals, especially when used topically.

Rosemary

(salvia rosmarinus)

Might help with treatment of  headaches, epilepsy, and poor circulation. Treats fevers. Can be used as a disinfectant; mouth wash.  Anti-bacterial. Stimulates hair growth (same as Minoxidil). Rosemary may improve memory, concentration, and alertness.

High doses can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Rosemary oil can irritate the skin, especially when applied in high concentrations. May interact with certain medications, such as blood thinners and anticonvulsants.

Skullcap

(Scutellarin lateriflora)

Used to reduce anxiety and stress.  It has mild sedative properties that help calm the nervous system. Sleep aid -- treats insomnia. Alleviates digestive issues. Anti-inflammatory

Do not take it if you have a condition that affects liver function.  Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Soursop

(Graviola)

Soursop Fruit Powder (Annona muricata

Anti-Inflammatory; Stabilizes blood pressure; May fight bacteria; May aid weight loss.

Soursop is high in Vitamin C an antioxidant known to boost immune health and improve its ability to defend against pathogens.

Consult your physician before taking.  May interact with blood pressure and diabetes medication (can cause blood pressure and blood sugar levels to drop)  DO NOT eat Soursop seeds – remove before eating the fruit – they have toxic compounds and may cause harmful side effects. 

Spearmint

Mentha spicata

Antioxidant; Anti-inflammatory; Anti-spasmodic; Aids digestive issues. Memory improvement.  May benefit women with PCOS. Soothes scalp conditions

Consult your physician before use if you are pregnant or breastfeeding or have Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).

St. John's Wort

(Hypericum perforatum)

Can be used for stress, tension, depression, and exhaustion.  Treats cramps and IBS. Red oil of St. John’s Wort is used topically to treat wounds and burns.

Avoid taking it if you are suffering from a serious illness, including immunosuppressive illnesses. Avoid taking it if you are taking immunosuppressive medications, blood thinners, or if you suffer from severe depression.

Stinging Nettle  

(Urtica dioica)

Nutrient-rich, anti-inflammatory, detoxifying.  Relieves sinus congestion and asthma. Drinking nettle tea can reduce your appetite, as it cleanses the body of toxins.

Some people may experience allergic reactions or skin irritation, especially when handling fresh nettle. May cause diarrhea, constipation, and an upset stomach in some people. Do not take if pregnant or breastfeeding.

May interact with medications such as blood thinners, diuretics, and diabetes medications.

Turmeric Root 

(Curcuma longa, Curcuma domestica)

Adaptogen; Reduces inflammation/ swelling and treats joint discomfort.  Can reduce cholesterol levels

Possible side effects:  Abdominal discomfort, headache, Bitter taste.  Consult a physician if you have a family history of kidney stones or if you are being treated with chemotherapy.

Do not take turmeric supplements if you are taking aspirin or are on blood thinners.

Valerian Root

(Valeriana officinalis)

Eases tension and improves sleep.  Calms muscle spasm and menopausal symptoms

Start with a small dose to assess tolerance. Might interact with anti-anxiety or anti-depressant medications.  Some individuals might experience GI discomfort. Do not use if you have pancreatic, liver, or gallbladder disease.

White Willow Bark 

(Salix alba)

Analgesic; Anti-inflammatory; Treats joint and muscle aches and pains. May help with weight loss.

Do not use if you are sensitive to aspirin. Discontinue use before surgery or chemotherapy due to risk of bleeding.

Wild Cherry Bark 

(Prunus serotina)

Cough suppressant; Expectorant; Anti-inflammatory - has properties that can help reduce respiratory inflammation. Sedative - can help promote relaxation and improve sleep.

It can help relieve indigestion, nausea, and gastrointestinal discomfort.

Not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women. Please contact your healthcare practitioner if you are taking prescription medications

Wild Lettuce 

(Lactuca virosa)

a/k/a Lettuce Opium

Nervine; Natural sedative (helps ease stress and promotes sleep). Helps alleviate mild to moderate pain (headaches, muscle pain, and menstrual cramps).  Cough Suppressant; Expectorant

Take in moderation – using liquid extracts used in unsafe ways can cause health problems. It can cause toxic effects when eaten fresh and before the usual time for harvesting herbs.

Yarrow 

(Achillea millefolium)

Promotes wound healing - stops bleeding and speeds up the healing process.  Astringent and anti-inflammatory properties can help reduce swelling and prevent infection

It can also treat muscle and joint discomfort.

Consult your healthcare provider before using herbal products, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or on any medications.

Yerba Mate 

(Ilex paraguariensis)

*Caffeinated*

Helps enhance mental alertness, concentration, and cognitive function.

A natural energy boost that can also help combat fatigue.  May assist in weight management by boosting metabolism and promoting fat oxidation.

It might be unsafe when pregnant or breastfeeding.  Consult your physician.  Unsafe for children.

Can cause irregular heartbeats in some people. Can make anxiety worse since it contains caffeine

May slow clotting